Advantages of NMNH
NMNH: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder. 2. Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability. 3. Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder 5. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NADH
NADH: 1. Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology, purity up higher than 98 % 3. Special patented process crystal form, higher stability 4. Obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality 5. 8 domestic and foreign NADH patents, leading the industry 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NAD
NAD: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Stable supplier of 1000+ enterprises around the world 3. Unique “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, higher product content and higher conversion rate 4. Freeze drying technology to ensure stable product quality 5. Unique crystal technology, higher product solubility 6. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products
Advantages of MNM
NMN: 1. “Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive“Bonpure”seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99.9%) and stability 3. Industrial leading technology: 15 domestic and international NMN patents 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products 5. Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NMN is safe and effective 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service 7. NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team of Harvard University
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Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereafter referred to as BONTAC) is a high-tech enterprise established in July 2012. BONTAC integrates R&D, production and sales, with enzyme catalysis technology as the core and coenzyme and natural products as main products. There are six major series of products in BONTAC, involving coenzymes, natural products, sugar substitutes, cosmetics, dietary supplements and medical intermediates.
As the leader of the global NMN industry, BONTAC has the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology in China. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC adheres to independent innovation, with more than 170 invention patents. Different from the traditional chemical synthesis and fermentation industry, BONTAC has advantages of green low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology. What’s more, BONTAC has established the first coenzyme engineering technology research center at the provincial level in China which also is the sole in Guangdong Province.
In the future, BONTAC will focus on its advantages of green, low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology, and build ecological relationship with academia as well as upstream/downstream partners, continuously leading the synthetic biological industry and creating a better life for human beings.
BONTAC NAD product features and advantages
1、Enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder
2、High purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NAD powder
3、Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NAD powder
4、Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NAD powder is safe and effective
5、Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NAD powder manufacturing method
The preparation methods of NAD powder are mainly divided into chemical synthesis method and biocatalytic method, among which biocatalytic method includes biological fermentation method and enzyme catalysis method. Enzyme catalysis method has gradually become the mainstream direction because of its advantages of green, environmental protection and pollution-free. And then the purity of NAD powder will reach 99% after the procedure of further purifying.
NAD powder efficacy in health
Molecules that can be taken in supplement form to increase NAD levels in the body are referred to by some as “NAD boosters.” Studies conducted over the past six decades suggest that the following are some of the many benefits associated with taking an NAD supplement:
Can Help Restore Mitochondrial Function
Helps Repair Blood Vessels —A 2018 mice study found that supplementation could aid in repair and growth of aged blood vessels. There’s also some evidence it can help manage heart disease risk factors like high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
May Improve Muscle Function — One animal study conducted in 2016 found that degenerative muscles had improved muscle function when supplemented with NAD+ precursors.
Potentially Helps Repair Cells and Damaged DNA — Some studies have found evidence that NAD+ precursor supplementation leads to an increase in DNA damage repair. NAD+ is broken down into two component parts, nicotinamide and ADP-ribose, which combine with proteins to repair cells.
May Help Improve Cognitive Function — Several studies conducted on mice have found that mice treated with NAD+ precursors experienced improvements in cognitive function, learning and memory. Findings have led researchers to believe that NAD supplement may help protect against cognitive decline/Alzheimer’s disease.
May Help Prevent Age-Related Weight Gain — A 2012 study showed that when mice fed a high-fat diet were given an NAD supplement, they gained 60 percent less weight than they did on the same diets without the supplement. One reason this may be true is that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide helps regulate production of stress- and appetite-related hormones, thanks to its effects on circadian rhythms.
Precursors are molecules used in chemical reactions inside the body to create other compounds. There are a number of precursors of NAD+ that result in higher levels when you consume enough of them.
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Frequently Asked Question
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has several essential roles in metabolism. It acts as a coenzyme in redox reactions, as a donor of ADP-ribose moieties in ADP-ribosylation reactions, as a precursor of the second messenger molecule cyclic ADP-ribose, as well as acting as a substrate for bacterial DNA ligases and a group of enzymes called sirtuins that use NAD+ to remove acetyl groups from proteins. In addition to these metabolic functions, NAD+ emerges as an adenine nucleotide that can be released from cells spontaneously and by regulated mechanisms, and can therefore have important extracellular roles.
First, inspect the factory. After some screening, NAD companied that directly face consumers pay more attention to brand building. Therefore, for a good brand, quality is the most important thing, and the first thing to control the quality of raw materials is to inspect the factory. Bontac company actually manufacturing NAD powder of high quality with the caterias of SGS. Secondly, the purity is tested. Purity is one of the most important parameters of NAD powder. If high purity NAD cannot be guaranteed, the remaining substances are likely to exceed the relevant standards. As the attached certificates demonstrates that the NAD powder produced by Bontac reach the purity of 99.9%. Finally, a professional test spectrum is needed to prove it. Common methods for determining the structure of an organic compound include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Usually through the analysis of these two spectra, the structure of the compound can be preliminarily determined.
The difference all comes down to the charge of these coenzymes. NAD+ is written with a superscript + sign because of the positive charge on one of its nitrogen atoms. It is the oxidized form of NAD. It’s considered “an oxidizing agent” because it accepts electrons from other molecules.
Although they are different chemically, these terms are mostly used interchangeably when discussing their health benefits. Another term you may come across is NADH, which stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H). This is also used interchangeably with NAD+ for the most part. Both are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides that function as either hydride donors or hydride acceptors. The difference between these two is that that NADH becomes NAD+ after it donates an electron to another molecule.
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Maternal NAD Precursor Supplementation to Reduce the Risk of Developing CNDD
1. Introduction Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has been unveiled to be essential for embryonic development. Patients with genetic variants in the NAD+ de novo synthesis pathway often have congenital NAD deficiency disorder (CNDD), a multisystem condition inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. In the context of NAD+ deficiency, all organs and systems, not just vertebrae, heart, kidneys, and limbs, may be affected. 2. The association between NAD synthetase 1 (NADSYN1) and CNDD Individuals delivering biallelic NADSYN1 variants share similar clinical features to those with CNDD. Up till now, almost all of the identified CNDD cases can be attributed to biallelic loss-of-function variants in any of 3 nonredundant genes of the NAD de novo synthesis pathway, including kynureninase (KYNU), 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase (HAAO), or NADSYN1. Among individuals with CNDD identified to date, those with biallelic pathogenic NADSYN1 variants are the most diverse in phenotype. 3. The impact of NADSYN1 variants upon enzymatic activity and phenotype Specifically, NADSYN1 can catalyse the amidation of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) to NAD. Biallelic pathogenic variants in NADSYN1 cause a metabolic block in both the de novo pathway and the Preiss-Handler pathway, leading to NAD deficiency. Biallelic NADSYN1 loss-of-function variants impact the NAD metabolome of humans. Post-birth phenotypes involve feeding difficulties, developmental delay, short stature, etc. 4. Mouse embryogenesis disrupted by the loss of NADSYN1 In NADSYN1-/- mouse embryos, NAD-dependent malformations occur when maternal dietary NAD precursors are limited during gestation. The affected Nadsyn1-/- embryos most frequently present malformations of the kidneys, eyes, and lungs. 5. The preventative effect of amidated NAD precursor supplementation against CNDD NADSYN1-dependent embryo loss and malformation in mice are preventable by dietary supplementation of amidated NAD precursors (NMN and NAM) during pregnancy. Maternal diet–derived NAD precursors primarily determine the development of healthy embryos. 6. Conclusion NAD-boosting supplements are essential for individuals with biallelic loss-of-function variants in NADSYN1. Maternal NAD precursor supplementation, to some extent, can reduce the risk of developing CNDD. Reference Szot JO, Cuny H, Martin EM, et al. A metabolic signature for NADSYN1-dependent congenital NAD deficiency disorder. J Clin Invest. 2024;134(4):e174824. Published 2024 Feb 15. doi:10.1172/JCI174824 About BONTAC BONTAC has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team consisting of Doctors and Masters. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of NAD and its precursors (eg. NMN and NR), with various forms to be selected (eg. endoxin-free IVD-grade NAD, Na-free or Na-containing NAD; NR-CL or NR-Malate). High quality and stable supply of products can be better ensured here with the exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology and Bonzyme Whole-enzymatic method. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provide for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Anti-inflammatory Function of NMN in Macrophages via IDO1/Kynurenine/AhR Axis
1. Introduction Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation has been suggested to hamper the inflammatory responses via restoring NAD+ level and downregulating the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Strikingly, both Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), two key enzymes for kynurenine production, can mediate the anti-inflammatory function of NMN in RAW 264.7 macrophages. 2. The alleviated inflammatory response in the presence of NMN supplementation For deciphering the impact of NMN in vivo, mice are subjected to daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of NMN (500 mg/kg) for consecutive 6 days, followed by i.p. injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (5 mg/kg) or alum (700 μg) on day 7. It is discovered that NMN supplementation suppresses LPS- or alum-induced inflammation in mice, as manifested by the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) and proinflammatory enzyme (COX-2). 3. The necessity of AhR for NMN-mediated inhibition of inflammatory response in macrophages AhR, a ligand-activated transcription factor, can mediate the anti-inflammatory function of NMN upon LPS treatment in RAW264.7 cells. Specifically, NMN reduces the expression of COX-2 in cells in bearing AHR. On the contrary. AhR inhibitor (CH223191) deprives the downregulation of IL-6, IL-1β and COX-2 caused by NMN treatment. Likewise, NMN treatment fails to reduce the expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and COX-2 in AhR knockout cells. 4. The importance of IDO1/kynurenine/AhR axis in the anti-inflammation function of NMN IDO1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan catabolism to produce kynurenine, a metabolic intermediate in NAD+ de novo synthesis pathway. Kynurenine can promote the translocation of AhR from the cytoplasm to nucleus, thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect. NMN inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in a IDO1-kynurenine dependent manner in macrophages. 5. Conclusion NMN supplementation mitigates COX-2-associated inflammatory responses by activating lDO-kynurenine-AhR pathway, providing new insights into NAD* regulation in macrophage activation. Reference Liu J, Hou W, Zong Z, et al. Supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotide diminishes COX-2 associated inflammatory responses in macrophages by activating kynurenine/AhR signaling. Free Radic Biol Med. Published online February 8, 2024. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.046 BONTAC NMN BONTAC is the pioneer of NMN industry and the first manufacturer to launch NMN mass production, with the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology around the world. At present, BONTAC has become the leading enterprise in niche areas of coenzyme products. Notably, BONTAC is the NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team at the Harvard University, who uses the raw materials of BONTAC in a paper titled “Impairment of an Endothelial NAD+-H2S Signaling Network Is a Reversible Cause of Vascular Aging”. Our services and products have been highly recognized by global partners. Furthermore, BONTAC has the first national and the only provincial independent coenzyme engineering technology research center in Guangdong, China. The coenzyme products of BOMNTAC are widely used in fields such as nutritional health, biomedicine, medical beauty, daily chemicals and green agriculture. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provide for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Amelioration of Myocardial I/R Injury with NR via Autophagy and Oxidative Stress
Introduction Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury has emerged as an urgent clinical issue that may offset the benefits of reperfusion therapy and even worsen the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction, a severe cardiovascular disease with significant mortality and morbidity. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) intermediate, has been unveiled to hold great therapeutic potential in myocardial I/R injury. About myocardial I/R injury Myocardial I/R injury refers to the damaging effects on cardiomyocytes or heart tissues following ischemia and the regaining of blood perfusion or oxygen supply, with characteristics of cell swelling, contracture of myofibrils, and disruption of the sarcolemma in myocardium. The mechanisms of myocardial I/R injury are extremely complex, chiefly involving cellular and molecular biological events such as cellular oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response, apoptosis and autophagy. Strikingly, autophagy and oxidative stress have been perceived as vital factors in the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. The alleviating effects of NR on myocardial I/R injury in mice NR can improve the cardiac function of mice with myocardial I/R injury, and reduce the generation of myocardial injury- and oxidative stress-associated biomarkers. Herein, the optimal concentration of NR for protection against H/R injury is 10 mM. In vivo, NR diminishes the area of myocardial ischemic infarction, alleviates pathological myocardial changes, decreases inflammatory cell infiltration, and attenuates the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB). In vitro, NR pretreatment lessens the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, CK-MB, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and ROS, as well as the mortality of H9c2 cells after the induction of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. The significance of Sirt 1 pathway in the regulation of autophagy by NR Excessive autophagy can exacerbate I/R injury, giving rise to an increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and greater cardiac dysfunction. Noteworthily, NR can lead to the activation of Sirt 1, an NAD+-dependent enzyme, to protect the H9c2 cells against excessive autophagy, thereby alleviating the myocardial I/R injury. Post NR pre-treatment, the levels of autophagy-related proteins (Beclin 1, P62 and LC3II/LC3I) are apparently downregulated in the H9c2 cells challenged with H/R. Remarkably, the supplement of Sirt 1 inhibitor EX527 overtly attenuates NR-induced reduction in the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins under H/R conditions, hinting the significance of Sirt 1 in the regulation of autophagy by NR. Conclusion The myocardial I/R injury can be ameliorated by regulating the autophagy and oxidative stress with NR. On the one hand, NR can directly participate in oxidative reduction to lessen the level of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, NR can protect cardiomyocytes against excessive autophagy, which is possibly accomplished by increasing the NAD+ content in the body via the Sirt 1 pathway. Reference Yuan C, Yang H, Lan W, et al. Nicotinamide ribose ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating autophagy and regulating oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med. 2024;27(5):187. doi:10.3892/etm.2024.12475 BONTAC NR BONTAC is one of the few suppliers in China that can launch mass production of raw materials for NR, with self-owned factory and professional R&D team. Up till now, there are 173 BONTAC patents. BONTAC provides one-stop service for customized products. Both malate and chloride salt forms of NR are available. By dirt of unique Bonpure seven-step purification technology and Bonzyme Whole-enzymatic method, the product content and conversion rate can be maintained in a higher level. The purity of BONTAC NR can reach above 97%. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.